Gender Inequality and Economic Efficiency: The Case of Kazakhstan

Abstract

Gender inequality is a pervasive social issue affecting economies worldwide, including Kazakhstan. This paper aims to analyze and explore how gender inequality affects economic growth in Kazakhstan. The study examines the economic implications of gender inequality in Kazakhstan, focusing on the wage gap, the economic role of married women, and the underrepresentation of women in leadership positions. The data was meticulously selected to capture the multi-dimensional aspects of gender inequality and its potential impact on economic performance. The primary dependent variable in this study is GDP per capita, which indicates economic performance. Employing a quantitative approach, specifically regression analysis, the research tests several hypotheses related to the economic effects of gender inequality. Key findings indicate that the gender pay gap significantly contributes to economic inefficiencies. In contrast, the impact of the economic role of married women on economic growth is not supported by the regression analysis, as the coefficient is -255.30 (p-value = 0.1611), indicating statistical insignificance. The presence of women in management positions positively impacts economic growth, though the study results are only marginally significant, with a coefficient of 3033560.73 (p-value = 0.0682). These findings underscore the importance of addressing gender disparities to enhance economic performance. Policymakers in Kazakhstan should prioritize strategies to close the gender pay gap and support women in leadership roles to stimulate economic growth.