The Impact of Information and Communication Technologies on Gender Aspects in the Health System: A Systematic Review

Abstract

This article explores the use of information and communication technologies (ICT) and mobile healthcare technologies (mHealth) to manage performance in medical institutions and promote social transformation, focusing on gender aspects. ICT helps to optimize decision-making processes, increase transparency, and enhance analytical capabilities. However, the introduction of these technologies can both reduce and increase gender inequality, depending on their design and context of use. The aim of the study is to identify the opportunities and risks associated with the use of ICT and mHealth in the context of gender dynamics. A systematic literature review method was applied within the study's framework, including articles selected following the PRISMA methodology used in systematic reviews and meta-analyses. Of the 610 publications found on the Scopus platform, 48 articles directly related to ICT and PMM in the health sector were selected and analyzed. ICT and mHealth technologies significantly improve operational efficiency and expand healthcare access. Persistent gender barriers, such as limited technical skills and unequal access to technology, hinder women's participation in mHealth programs. The data was updated in November 2024. Today, the possibilities of using ICT to support various processes in medical organizations are highly diverse. Managers at all levels must understand and can evaluate how each technology contributes to the fulfillment of specific tasks and increases overall efficiency.